Seal the Deal: 10 State Emblems with Riverine Ties
Imagine the United States, a nation where rivers aren’t just geographical features; they’re the lifeblood of its states. From coast to coast, waterways have shaped landscapes, economies, and cultures, leaving an indelible mark on the very state seals that represent these states. Let’s explore these 10 states and the rivers featured on their state seals.
1. State of Nebraska = Missouri River
The Nebraska state seal is a symbol that reflects the state’s history and values. At its center, a steamboat ascends the Missouri River, symbolizing transportation and commerce. Nearby, a blacksmith works at an anvil, representing industry and manufacturing. Agricultural pursuits are depicted through a settler’s cabin, sheaves of wheat, and stalks of corn. A train heading towards the Rocky Mountains signifies westward expansion and the state’s connection to the frontier. The mountains themselves represent Nebraska’s western border. Surrounding the symbol is the phrase “Great Seal of the State of Nebraska, March 1st, 1867,” and the state motto, “Equality Before the Law.”

2. State of South Dakota = Missouri River
The South Dakota state seal depicts a scene representing the state’s natural resources and industries. On the left, a smelting furnace symbolizes mining, while on the right, a farmer plows a field and a herd of cattle grazes. In the center, the Missouri River flows with a steamboat, symbolizing transportation and trade. Hills rise in the background, representing the state’s rugged terrain. The motto “Under God the People Rule” is inscribed around the seal.

3. State of Montana = Missouri River
The Montana state seal showcases the state’s history, natural resources, and economic industries. At its center, a plow, miner’s pick, and shovel represent Montana’s agricultural and mining heritage. To the left, majestic mountains symbolize the state’s rugged landscape, while the Great Falls of the Missouri River on the right represent its abundant natural resources. The motto “Oro y Plata,” meaning “Gold and Silver” in Spanish, reflects the state’s rich mining history. This emblem, adopted in 1865, continues to serve as a powerful symbol of Montana’s identity and legacy.

4. State of Idaho = Snake or Shoshone River
Idaho’s state seal features a majestic mountain range, symbolizing the state’s natural beauty. On the right, a miner stands proudly, representing Idaho’s rich mining heritage. A shield, located at the very center of the seal, is adorned with symbols of agriculture and forestry, signifying the state’s diverse industries. A river, either the Snake or Shoshone River, flows through the middle of the shield. A lady, symbolizing justice, liberty, and women’s suffrage, stands on left side of the shield. This depiction reflects Idaho’s early support for women’s rights, as it was one of the first states to grant women the right to vote.

5. State of Kansas = Kansas River
The Kansas state seal is a visual representation of the state’s history and values. It features a rising sun, symbolizing the state’s future and the westward expansion; the Kansas River and a steamboat, representing commerce and transportation; a settler’s cabin and a man plowing, representing agriculture and the state’s rural heritage; a wagon train, symbolizing the pioneer spirit and westward migration; Indians hunting bison, representing the state’s Native American history; 34 stars, representing Kansas as the 34th state admitted to the Union; and the motto “Ad Astra Per Aspera,” meaning “To the Stars Through Difficulties,” reflecting the challenges faced during the state’s early years.

6. State of California = Sacramento River
The Great Seal of California, adopted in 1849, symbolizes the state’s history and values. Depicting Athena, the goddess of wisdom and war, it reflects California’s unique status as a state without a territorial past. A California grizzly bear, the state animal, feasting on grape vines, represents the importance of wine production. Other symbols include a sheaf of grain for agriculture, a miner for the Gold Rush, and sailing ships for economic power. The Sacramento River, flowing into the bay, signifies the state’s connection to its natural resources. The motto, “Eureka,” meaning “I have found it,” encapsulates the spirit of discovery and prosperity associated with California. Additionally, the seal features 31 stars, representing the 31 states in the United States at the time of its adoption.

7. State of Iowa = Mississippi River
The Iowa state seal features a blue field with an eagle in flight above a rocky hill. The eagle holds a red ribbon bearing the state motto “Our Liberties We Prize and Our Rights We Maintain.” Below the eagle is a soldier holding a rifle and a flag in a cornfield. The fields are adorned with farming equipment. In the background, the Mississippi River, with a steamboat sailing upon it, signifies Iowa’s connection to waterways and its importance as a transportation route. The seal is inscribed with the words “The Great Seal of the State of Iowa.”

8. State of Ohio = Scioto River
Ohio’s state seal, a circular design, features a picturesque landscape inspired by the state’s natural beauty. A sunrise illuminates mountains, a river, and a cultivated field, believed to represent Mount Logan and the Scioto River in Ross County. The design incorporates symbolic elements: a sheaf of wheat on the right signifies agriculture, a vital industry in Ohio’s history, while a sheaf of arrows on the left symbolizes the state’s commitment to defense and protection. The phrase “THE GREAT SEAL OF THE STATE OF OHIO” is inscribed around the circle, officially identifying the seal.

9. State of Illinois = Mississippi River
The great seal of Illinois, designed in 1818, depicts an eagle grasping a shield with 13 stars and stripes, symbolizing the original 13 states. The eagle also holds a streamer bearing the state motto, “State Sovereignty, National Union.” In the background, a river, likely the Mississippi River, flows through the state. This seal represents the state’s self-governance within the United States and was officially adopted in 1868, along with the state’s constitution.

10. State of Alabama = Lots of River!
The Alabama state seal is a circular emblem featuring a map of the state with its major rivers prominently displayed. These rivers, including the Tombigbee, Black Warrior, Alabama, Coosa, Tallapoosa, Pea, Conecuh, Tennessee, and Cahaba, have played a crucial role in Alabama’s history, serving as transportation routes, sources of freshwater, and important economic assets. Surrounding the map are the words “Alabama” and “Great Seal.”

The Missouri River: A Common Thread in State Seals
The Missouri River, as one of the longest rivers in the United States flowing through multiple states, naturally holds a prominent place in the state seals of those it traverses. Its significance as a transportation artery, economic resource, and cultural touchstone has made it a fitting symbol for states like Nebraska, South Dakota, and Montana. While other rivers, such as the Snake, Shoshone, Kansas, Sacramento, Mississippi, Scioto, and Alabama, also feature prominently in their respective state seals, the Missouri River’s widespread influence and historical importance make it a particularly compelling emblem of the American heartland.
4 More State Seals with Flowing Water Symbolism
While ten states have rivers explicitly depicted on their official seals, there are several more that feature waterways that could reasonably be interpreted as rivers. These states, though their seals may not directly name a specific river, showcase the significance of these natural features in their regional identity and history.
1. State of Arizona
The Arizona state seal is a symbolic representation of the state’s history, natural resources, and values. It features symbols like mountains, a rising sun, a reservoir, irrigated fields, a quartz mill, and grazing cattle, representing the state’s arid climate, water management, agriculture, mining, and ranching. The motto “Ditat Deus” (God Enriches) expresses gratitude for Arizona’s natural wealth.

2. State of Minnesota
Minnesota’s new state seal features several state symbols. A common loon, the state bird, is prominently displayed, symbolizing the state’s lakes and waterways. The North Star is also included, representing Minnesota’s northern location. Other elements include northern wild rice, the state grain, and pine trees, representing the state’s forests. Notably, the seal replaces the French motto “L’Étoile du Nord” (The Star of the North) with the Dakota phrase “Mni Sóta Makoce”, which means “Land where the waters reflect the sky.” This change is meant to better represent the state’s indigenous heritage and history.

3. State of Tennessee
The Great Seal of Tennessee, a symbol of the state’s government, features Roman numerals XVI at the top, signifying its position as the 16th state to join the United States. In the center, images of a plow, wheat, and a cotton plant represent the state’s agricultural heritage. These crops were, and remain, significant cash crops in Tennessee. The lower half features a flat-bottomed riverboat, symbolizing the importance of river trade, which was vital due to the state’s proximity to the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi Rivers. The surrounding text, “The Great Seal of the State of Tennessee,” and “Feb. 6th, 1796,” has been simplified in the modern version.

4. State of Arkansas
The great seal of Arkansas features an eagle holding a scroll inscribed “Regnat populus” (The people rule), a bundle of arrows, and an olive branch. A shield, on the eagle’s chest, depicts a steamboat (likely on the Arkansas River), a beehive, plow, and sheaf of wheat. Above the eagle, the Goddess of Liberty holds a wreath and a pole topped with a liberty cap, surrounded by a circle of stars and rays. On the right, a sword inscribed “Justice” stands beside the shield, and on the left, an angel inscribed “Mercy” stands. Encircling the entire design are the words “Seal of the State of Arkansas.”

Keep them clean!
As we’ve seen, rivers have played a vital role in the formation and identity of many states across the United States. Our forefathers, recognizing their significance, wisely incorporated these waterways into their state seals. It’s a testament to the enduring power and beauty of rivers. However, it’s crucial to remember that these natural resources are fragile and require our protection. Let us honor the legacy of our ancestors by committing to preserving our rivers and ensuring that future generations can continue to appreciate their majesty and importance.
F.A.Q.
State seals are typically designed by committees appointed by state legislatures or governors. These committees often include artists, historians, and government officials. Sometimes, professional designers or heraldic experts are also involved.
State seals serve as a symbol of the state’s identity and authority. They are used on official documents, such as diplomas, licenses, and proclamations.
Common elements in state seals include:
- State symbols: These can be natural features, animals, or historical figures.
- Motto: A short phrase that expresses the state’s values or ideals.
- Date of statehood: The year the state was admitted to the Union.
- Heraldic devices: Symbols or figures from heraldry, such as shields, crowns, and lions.
Yes, state seals can be changed, but it is usually a complex process that requires legislative approval. Changes are typically made to reflect changes in the state’s identity or values.
It depends on the state’s laws. Some states have strict regulations regarding the use of their state seals, while others may allow limited use for personal or commercial purposes.
Additional resources
- List of U.S. state, district, and territorial insignia – Wikipedia
- Amazon.com: State Names, Seals, Flags, and Symbols: A Historical Guide: 9780274967018: Shearer, Benjamin F., Shearer, Barbara S.: Books
- What Is a State Seal? (americaexplained.org)
- Let’s talk about our racist and ugly state flag – MinnPost
- List of State Seals | State Symbols USA